Yarn and its classification – Textile Physics

Definitions of yarn

                Yarn is a generic term used for a continuous strand of interlocked textile fibers or filaments in a form suitable for knitting, weaving and braiding. Yarn may or may not contain twist.

                Yarn is a continuous strand composed of either natural or manmade fibers or filaments and is used to produce cloth

                A yarn is defined as a product of sufficient length and relatively small cross section consisting of fibers or filaments with or without twist

Classification of yarn – According to structure

According to Processing

1) Ring yarn

a.       Carded yarn

b.      Combed yarn

2) Rotor yarn

1) Single Yarn – Single yarn contains only one yarn in its structure

                * Continuous filament – Contains only one filament

                * Spun yarn – Single yarn produced by spinning of staple fiber to a single strand

                                Homogeneous – Produced by spinning same type of fiber. Eg – 100% cotton

                                Blended – Produced by more than one type of fiber. Eg – PC, CVC etc

                * Modified continuous filament – Produced by modification of continuous filament. The modification may be in bulk, texture, extensibility etc

2) Multifold yarn – Also called Plied yarn. This is made by twisting two or more single yarns together.

3) Cabled yarn – Also called Cord. This is produced by twisting two or more multifold yarn together.

4) Complex yarn – This type of yarns have complex structure of different fibers arranged in a particular forms. Eg – Bi-component filament or Core-spun yarn

5) Fancy yarn – They are produced mainly for decorative purpose. They are made by introducing special form of irregularity or hairiness into either spun or continuous filament yarns.